Atomic+Structure+and+Bonding

​Focused on **Achievement Standard 90308** (Chemistry 2.4) "Describe the nature of structure and bonding in different substances"

The Specific Learning Objectives for this topic are outlined in this document. Make sure you are familiar with the key terms required.

Bonding can be divided into two broad groups. Intermolecular bonding, that is the bonding that occurs between molecules, and intramolecular bonding - the bonding within molecules. The type of bonding, determines the properties of the substance. Therefore it is important to understand the different types of bonds, their proeprties and how they arise.

Watch this short clip from youtube based on electronegativity (that is the pull of an atom on the electrons it shares in a covalent bond) in order to understand the ionic, polar covalent and non-polar covalent bonds. media type="youtube" key="Kj3o0XvhVqQ" height="405" width="500"

Ionic Bonding Arises when one atom donates one or more electrons completely to another. The atom that loses the electron(s) becomes a positively charged cation. The atom that gains electron(s) becomes a negatively charged anion. Covalent Bonding

Lewis Structures  [|Lewis Diagrams interactive] [|Assigning electrons] [|Read: Exceptions to the octet rule and practise problems]

__Intermolecular forces:__ There are multiple forces that hold molecules together, these are Hydrogen Bonding,

This short clip is a 20sec explanation of Hydrogen Bonding. media type="youtube" key="LGwyBeuVjhU" height="385" width="480"

VSEPR A look at how this theory influences the shape of molecules.

Types of solid This page addresses the four different types of solid; Metallic, Ionic, molecular and covalent networks.

//Below is an extra paper and answer schedule - this is from exams for you - so is not on the nzqa website. Go for the Merit and Excellence.. look for repeating patterns in answers etc..//